Seismic exploration method in accordance with the source and detector on the ground ,in the relationship between the location of wells ,divided into four ways: Both the source and detector are on the ground, ground-ground seismic exploration method ; The source is triggered on the land and received by the multiple component seismograph located on the well at different depth, ground-well seismic exploration method ; The source is triggered on the well and received by the multiple component seismograph located on the land, ground-well seismic exploration method ; Both the source and detector are on the wells , well-well seismic exploration method ; The frist method is surface seismic,the other is borehole seismic.
The borehole seismic mainly is  the following types: Zero VSP Offset VSP Walkaway VSP 3D VSP INVER VSP SWD=Seismic While Drill Micro-seismic Monitoring Cross-Well seismic
Compared to surface seismic data, Borehole seismic data that has the following main features: The information which were directly collected in the nearby of Exploration targets (Subsurface stratigraphy or subcrop map) were more accurate and reliable than ground observation far away from Exploration targets (Subsurface formation or geology). Usually, along the vertical observations , Depth domain data and the relationship between time and depth can be directly observed. Thereby ,surface seismic data can avoided the time-depth conversion error due to the inaccurate speed . Observing under the Smaller underground environmental noise, it is possible to get information on high signal-to-noise ratio; Wave propagation paths avoid asymmetrical low velocity layer which will make seismic energy intensely absorbed once or twice ,thus it may receive high resolution data. Receiving upgoing wave and downgoing wave simultaneously, it can use a important properties of wave propagation direction.   Compared to logging data, Borehole seismic data that has the following main features: There are wider transverse exploration area than logging, the former can reach by hundreds of meters or one kilometre beside well and the latter is about a few dozen centimeters .Therefore, may be extrapolate the information beside well. Mainly observed wave is bodilywave which propagated in space of rock , rather than Mintrop wave which slide along wellface in logging ,can avoided interference in logging data, such as mud invaded zone，cycle skip and so on ，and can be mutual calibration with logging data , but also to facilitate comparison of surface seismic data. Borehole seismic depth sample interval (SI) can be as small as 5 feet or 1.5m，logging pixel pitch is often 0.1 m or 0.125 m, a difference about an order of magnitude between the depth sample interval.  Both are collected in the depth domain, but Borehole seismic is observation of travel time simultaneously, and logging is the direct observation of the time difference from the unit distance, can get the corresponding time and depth through integration or accumulation. Band can be expanded to 1000Hz, but compared to the hundreds of thousands Hz of log data bandwidth, the two bands are still 1-2 orders,  that is borehole seismic data have been much higher than the surface seismic data resolution, but still below the resolution of logging data.